Which type of unemployment includes individuals between jobs and people re-entering the workforce?

Frictional unemployment refers to the short-term unemployment that occurs when individuals are in between jobs or are re-entering the workforce. This type of unemployment acknowledges that it takes time for people to find new jobs that match their skill set or for those returning to the labor market to find suitable employment. It is a natural part of the job search process and can be influenced by various factors, including the time it takes to transition from one job to another and the mobility of the workforce.

This is contrasted with other forms of unemployment. For instance, cyclical unemployment is linked to the ups and downs of the economy, occurring during periods of economic downturns. Structural unemployment happens when there is a mismatch between the skills that workers possess and the skills that are in demand, often due to technological changes or shifts in the economy. Seasonal unemployment is related to patterns in demand throughout the year and affects industries that are dependent on seasonal cycles, such as agriculture or tourism.

Frictional unemployment signifies a healthy and dynamic labor market where individuals are seeking better opportunities, thus contributing to the overall efficiency of the economy.